Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS)

The Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS) monitors trends in antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in selected bacterial organisms from human, animal and food sources across Canada. The program is based on several representative and methodologically unified surveillance components which can be linked to examine the relationship between antimicrobials used in food-animals and humans and the associated health impacts.