A targeted survey analysed 3,962 samples of powdered infant formula for Enterobacteriaceae. Of the 3,962 samples, 2,965 were tested for generic E. coli and Salmonella and 997 samples were tested for Cronobacter. Salmonella, Cronobacter and generic E. coli were not found in any of the samples. Enterobacteriaceae were found in 2 samples. Canadian Food Inspection Agency conducted appropriate follow-up activities such as additional sampling. No illnesses were reported in association with any of the positive samples.